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标题: 2013中考英语语法专题之名词 [打印本页]

作者: 世纪之星    时间: 2012-11-5 16:28
标题: 2013中考英语语法专题之名词
  (一)名词的分类
  名词分为普通名词和专有名词,其中普通名词包括可数名词和不可数名词,可数名词要注意单复数。
  (二)名词的数
  1、可数名词与不可数名词
  A、不可数名词,中学阶段常见的不可数名词有:water ; meat ; rice ; bread ; milk ; tea ; orange(桔汁) ; fruit ; air ; snow ; chalk; work ; paper(纸) ; time(时间); music ; weather ; grass ; news ; food ; fish(鱼肉); coke ; porridge ; cake(可数或不可数). 不可数名词应注意以下几点:
  1)前无冠,后无复;作主语为三单.
  2)表量用约数some /any ; much ; a lot of
  eg. There is ____ bread on the table. [ ]
  A. a B. one C. a piece of D. many
  There is some_______ on the plate. [ ]
  A. apple B. fish C. milks D. deer
  2、可数名词的复数
  不规则变化:
  man——menm, woman——women,policeman——policemen, foot——feet, tooth——teeth, child——children,mouse—mice,Ox—Oxen, mouse—mice
  注意:
  ① potato—potatoes ; tomato—tomatoes
  ② 单复同形: fish ; sheep ; deer ; Chinese ; Japanese
  ③ 由man , woman在词首构成的复合名词应将两部分都变成复数 (man doctor — men doctors)
  ④ reef—reefs
  ⑤ “某国人”的复数:口诀是“
  eg. German—Germans
  ⑥有些名词既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词,但词义有所不同。
  eg:
  cloth布——,a cloth桌布、抹布;
  sand沙——sands沙滩;
  tea茶——a tea一杯茶;
  orange橘汁——an orange橘子;
  glass玻璃——a glass玻璃杯,glasses眼镜;
  paper纸——a paper试卷、论文;
  wood木头——a wood小森林;
  room空间、余地——a room房间
  fruit ——fruits ;food ——foods ;fish ——fishes ;drink ——a drink ;
  3、名词所有格:名词’s (意思是 “……的”)
  A.有生命的名词所有格,一般在后加“’s”;
  注意:
  1)表两者共有则在后者加“’s”
  Lucy and Lily’s father 露西和莉莉的父亲
  Lucy’s and Lily’s fathers露西的父亲和莉莉的父亲.
  2)以s结尾的词只加“ ’ ”
  eg. 1) the boys’ books 2) James’ father
  3)无生命的名词所有格用of来引导
  eg. the leg of the desk
  4)双重所有格:a friend of my father’s
  a friend of mine ( √ ) a friend of my( × )
  练 习
  一、写出下列词的复数
  1.book______ 2.bus ______ 3.orange _______
  4.baby______ 5.boy______ 6.my ________
  7.his_______ 8.knife______ 9.watch________
  10.sheep ______ 11. tooth _____ 12. leaf ____
  13.German__________ 14.Chinese_________
  二、选择正确的答案
  ( )1.—Are those ______?
  ---No, they aren’t. They’re _____.
  A. sheep ; cows B. sheep ; cow
  C. sheeps ; cow D. sheeps ; cows
  ( )2.Mum, I’m quite thirsty. Please give me ____.
  A. two orange B. two bottles of orange
  C. two bottles orange D. two bottles of oranges
  ( )3.I have got ___ news from my friend. Do you want to know?
  A. a very good B. any
  C. a piece of D. two pieces
  ( )4.___ room is on the 5th floor.
  A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy and Lily’s
  C. Lucy’s and Lily D. Lucy’s and Lily’s
  ( )5.Every morning Mr. Smith takes a ____ to his office.
  A. 20 minutes’ walk B. 20 minute’s walk
  C. 20-minutes walk D. 20-minute walk
  ( )6.This is James Allan Green. We can call him ____.
  A. Mr. Green B. Mr. Allan
  C. Mr. James D. James Green
  ( )7.Jack and Tom are ____.
  A. good friends B. good friend
  C. a good friend D. good a friend
  ( )8.It’s only about ten ____ walk to the nearest post office.
  A. minutes B. minute’s C. minutes’ D. minute
  ( )9.He often has ____ for breakfast.
  A. two breads B. two piece of breads
  C. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads
  ( )10.Mrs. Green has two ____. They’re very bright.
  A. childs B. child C. children’s D. children
  ( )11.What did the headmaster say about Jim’s ______.
  A. two months holiday B. two months’ holiday
  C. two-month holiday D. two month’s holidays
  ( )12.I won’t go there with you, for I have a lot of ____ to do.
  A. works B. job C. work D. working
  ( )13.Li Lei is a friend of ___.
  A. I sister B. my sister’s
  C. me sister D. my sister of
  ( )14.Have you read ____?
  A. today’s B. today paper
  C. the today’s paper D. today’s paper
  ( )15.How many ___ are there in the room?
  A. boxes B. box C. boxs D. boxxes
  ( )16.Many ____ have been built in our city since 1987.
  A. factorys B. factories
  C. factoryes D. factorys
  ( )17.There are lots of ___ in the basket on the table .
  A. tomatos B. tomato C. tomatoes D. tomatoss
  ( )18.The cat caught two ___ last night.
  A. mouses B. mice C. mouse D. mices
  ( )19.Jack went to have two ___ pulled out yesterday afternoon.
  A. tooths B. tooth C. teeth D. toothes
  ( )20.In our school there are fifty-five ___.
  A. women teachers B. woman teachers
  C. women teacher D. woman’s teacher
  ( )21.The three ___ will be put into prison.
  A. thiefs B. thief C. thieves D. thiefs’
  练习题答案:
  1——5 ABCBD 6—10 AACCD
  11—15 CCBDA 16—21 BCBCAC






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