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标题: 小升初英语总复习--句型专项归类 [打印本页]

作者: djt000    时间: 2013-5-23 16:34
标题: 小升初英语总复习--句型专项归类
1、  肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:I’m a student.    She is a doctor.    He works in a hospital.  There are four fans in our classroom.        He will eat lunch at 12:00.       I watched TV yesterday evening.
  2、否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:I’m not a student.      She is not (isn’t) a doctor.
  He does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital.      There are not (aren’t) four fans in our classroom.
  He will not (won’t) eat lunch at 12:00.        I did not (didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening.
  ☆注意☆ 小结:否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 “not”。有动词be的句子则“not”加在be后面,可缩写成“isn’t,aren’t”,但am not 一般都分开写。没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(do,does,did),然后在它后面加上“not”,你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“don’t , doesn’t , didn’t )。这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择,其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而“did”只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用“did” 。
  3、一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用“yes”,或“no”来回答。
  如:Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, I’m not.
  Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.
  Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
  Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t.
  Are you going to buy a comic book tonight?  Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t.)
  Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(won’t).
  Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.
  Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.
  ☆注意☆ 小结:一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上,
  ①把动词be调到首位,其他照写,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。
  ②没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词(do,does,did)再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。
  这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择,其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而“did”只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用“did” 。一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致,即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。
  4、特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用“yes 、no”来回答。如:
  What is this?  It’s a computer.
  What does he do?  He’s a doctor.
  Where are you going?  I’m going to Beijing.
  Who played football with you yesterday afternoon?  Mike.
  Which season do you like best?  Summer.
  When do you usually get up?  I usually get up at 6:30.
  Whose skirt is this?  It’s Amy’s.
  Why do you like spring best?  Because I can plant trees.
  How are you?  I’m fine. / I’m happy.
  How did you go to Xinjiang?  I went to Xinjiang by train.
  ☆其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问,如: how many(多少(数量)),  how much(多少(钱)), how tall(多高), how long(多长),  how big(多大),  how heavy(多重)
  例句:How many pencils do you have? I have three pencils.
  How many girls can you see? I can see four girls.
  How many desks are there in your classroom? There are 51.
  ☆小结:how many 用来提问可数名词的数量,主要有以上三种句式搭配,
  How many + 名词复数 + do you have?   你有多少……?
  How many + 名词复数 + can you see?   你能看见多少……?
  How many + 名词复数 + are there…?    有多少……?

作者: 快乐无忧    时间: 2013-8-10 11:10
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