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动名词的用法 有些动词后可以用动名词作宾语,但不能用不定式。这些动词包括avoid,admit,deny,fancy,finish,enjoy,mind(在乎,在意),suggest,stand(容忍)等。 有些结构通常要接动名词,如busy,worth,it is no/little use,bored with,interested in,insist on,prevent…from等: I was looking forward to reading those books. Well, you can’t read them, so it’s no use thinking about them. 动名词可以有自己的逻辑主语(即动作执行者,而不是句子的主语): Please excuse his not writing to you. Do you mind my smoking? come和go之后可以跟与户外活动相关的动名词(climbing,driving,fishing,riding,shopping,walking等),表示建议、邀请或叙事。 There’s no point in my coming climbing with you. 我和你们去爬山毫无意义。 (there’s no point in =it is no use) 感知动词(hear,see,fell,watch等)后面既可以跟宾语加分词结构,也可以跟宾语加不带to的不定式。现在分词往往强调动作正在发生,用于叙述中时使人身临其境;不定式则可以表示动作发生了或过程结束了。有时它们之间的区别不大,可以互相替换使用。 语法精粹 动名词复合结构:由名词所有格或物主代词与动名词构成 动名词复合结构多作主语或宾语, 作主语时必须是所有格(名词所有格, 形容词性物主代词), 但作宾语时可以用所有格, 也可用普通格(人称代词宾格) His leaving is a great loss. 他的离去是一个很大的损失 Mother dislikes my(me) working late. 妈妈不喜欢我工作很迟 Mother dislikes my sleeping late. John's having seen her did not make her worried. 约翰已经见到她的事实, 没有让她感到担心 后面可以接动词-ing的词:介词;某些动词,如avoid, enjoy, finish, It is no use, prevent sb from, fancy, imagine, escape, risk, allow,deny, appreciate, complete, delay, mind, practice, resent, risk, suggest, permit… insist on doing, persist in doing, persevere in doing, give up doing 某些词加逻辑主语是,要用不定式作宾语,如: allow+doing sth.(动名词作宾语) ;allow sb. to do sth.(不定式作宾语) advise sb. to do sth. ;advise doing sth. 这类动词常见如:advise,allow,permit,recommend, etc. |