自学新概念英语第三册笔记 Lessons 42

学以致用

　　Notes on the text课文注释

　　1  as it has come to be known, 正如已逐渐为人所了解的那样，此处作插入语。

　　2  it is the desire… or the chance… that…

　　这是强调句式，被强调的部分是句子的主语the desire… or the chance…

　　3  rig up, 装配，搭起。

　　4  Grenoble, 格里诺布尔，是法国东南部伊泽尔河上的一座大城镇，尤以它的大学而著称。

　　5  The cave might never have been discovered had not the entrance been spotted by…如果不是……偶然发现这个洞口的话，这个洞也许永远不会为人所知。这是表示与过去事实不相符的虚拟语气结构，句中的非真实条件句 had not the entrance been spotted by…由于省略了if, 因此要用倒装句式。

　　6  edge one's way, 此处作“侧身徐徐向前移动”讲。

　　7  which they found was caused…of the cave.

　　which was caused…of the cave是定语从句，修饰 sound; they found此处作插入语。 shooting down… of the cave是现在分词短语作定语，修饰 waterspout。

　　参考译文

　　洞穴勘查——或洞穴勘探——是一项比较新的体育活动。寻求独居独处的愿望或寻求意外发现机会的欲望吸引着人们来到地下深处。要想对洞穴探险者的动机作出满意的解释是不可能的。对洞穴探险者来说，洞穴有一种特殊的魅力，就像高山对于登山者有特殊的魅力一样。为什么洞穴能引发人的那种探险本能，人们对此只能有一种模模糊糊的理解。

　　探测非常深的洞穴不是那些在星期日下午漫步的人所能胜任的。这种活动需要有军事行动般的周密布署和预见能力。有时需要花费整整8天时间来搭起绳梯，建立供应基地，然后才能下到一个很深的洞穴里。作出这样的准备是必要的，因为无法预见到洞穴探险者究竟会遇到什么性质的困难。世界上最深的洞穴是格里诺布尔附近的高弗·伯杰洞，深达3，723英尺。这个深邃的洞穴是由一条地下暗泉冲刷岩石中的缝隙并使之慢慢变大而形成的。此洞的洞口在丹芬阿尔卑斯山的高原上，仅6英尺宽，很难被人发现。若不是法国著名洞穴探险家伯杰由于偶然的机会发现了这个洞口的话，这个洞也许永远不会为人所知。自从被发现以后，这个洞成了洞穴探险者的珠穆朗玛峰，人们多次进入洞内探险，但至今尚有不少东西有待勘探。

　　最近，一队洞穴探险者下到了高弗·伯杰洞里。他们从高原上的窄缝进去，顺着笔直陡峭的洞壁往下爬，来到了一条狭窄的走廊上。他们不得不侧着身子往前走，有时蹚过浅溪，有时游过深潭。突然，他们来到一道瀑布前，那瀑布奔泻而下，注入洞底一处地下湖里。他们跳入湖中，把各种器具装上一只充气橡皮艇，听任水流将他们带往对岸。湖水冰冷刺骨，他们必须穿上一种特制的橡皮服以保护自己。在湖的尽头，他们见到一大堆一大堆由湖水冲刷上岸的碎石。在这儿，他们可以听见一种连续不断的轰鸣声。后来他们发现这是由山洞顶部的一个小孔里喷出的水柱跌落到水潭中时发出的声音。洞穴探险者从岩石缝里挤身过去，来到一个巨大的洞里，其大小相当于一个音乐厅。他们打开强力弧光灯，看见一株株巨大的石笋，有的高达40英尺，像树干似地向上长着，与洞顶悬挂下来的钟乳石相接。周围是一堆堆石灰石，像彩虹一样闪闪发光。洞里有一种可怕的寂静，唯一可以听见的声响是高高的圆顶上不间断地滴水的嘀嗒声。

　　Multiple choice questions多项选择题

　　Choose the correct answers to the following questions.

　　Comprehension 理解

　　1  In undertaking the descent of a really deep cave, a pot-holer ______ .

　　a．must be motivated by the desire to make an unexpected discovery

　　b．is prepared to spend a whole weekend away from his home

　　c．needs military co-operation in making preparations for the descent

　　d．may have to spend as much as a week planning his descent

　　2  The cave discovered by the French potholer, Berger ______ .

　　a．represents the ultimate challenge to any pot-holer who is truly dedicated

　　b．was recently explored for the first time since its discovery

　　c．has to be approached by following a stream which leads underground

　　d．consists of a large cavern, the size of a huge concert hall

　　3  On reaching the enormous cavern, the pot-holers ______ .

　　a．had to squeeze into a cleft in the rocks at the side

　　b．lit it up by using the arc lights they had carried down with them

　　c．saw a rainbow shedding its light on the limestone around them

　　d．could still hear the waterspout falling into the pool behind them

　　Structure结构

　　4  ---- or the chance that they ______ an unexpected discovery that…(11. 2-3)

　　a．would make

　　b．can make

　　c．may make

　　d．might have made

　　5  It can take as long as eight days getting rope ladders rigged up and ______ before …(11. 9-10)

　　a．to establish bases supplied

　　b．supplying bases established

　　c．establishing supply bases

　　d．bases established and supplied

　　6  After ______ the narrow gap, they climbed down the steep sides of the cave. (11. 18-19)

　　a．they were entering

　　b．entering

　　c．entered

　　d．they will enter

　　7  ---- let ______ the current to the other side . (11. 22-23)

　　a．them be carried with

　　b．their being carried by

　　c．themselves carry

　　d．themselves be carried by

　　8  No other sound could be heard ______ made by water…(11. 30-31)

　　a．except it was

　　b．than that

　　c．that was

　　d．but this was

　　Vocabulary词汇

　　9  It can take ______ eight days to rig up… (1. 9)

　　a．around

　　b．more than

　　c．up to

　　d．at least

　　10  ---- has tunnelled a course through a ______ in the rocks. (11. 13-14)

　　a．fault

　　b．gap

　　c．cleft

　　d．fissure

　　11  They had to ______ along this …(11. 19-20)

　　a．sidle nervously

　　b．file sideways

　　c．walk sharply

　　d．move cauriously

　　12  To protect themselves from the ______ water, they wore special rubber suits. (1. 23)

　　a．frozen

　　b．freezing

　　c．chilly

　　d．iced