语法分词注意事项

幻化成风

      在英语学习中，分词是一个相当重要的语法内容。作为非谓语动词，它也是高考年年必考的"重头戏"。但是从学生的答题情况来看，结果却不容乐观。分词应注意的几个问题：

　　1．现在分词与过去分词的区别

　　Do you know the woman talking to Tom ?

　　= Do you know the woman who is talking to Tom ?

　　The soldier wounded in the war has become a doctor.

　　= The soldier who was wounded in the war has become a doctor.

　　China is a developing country and America is a developed country.

　　2．分词作表语

　　The news sounds encouraging .

　　They got very excited .

　　1）现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别：

　　The news is interesting . （表示主语的性质特征）

　　He is interested in the news . （表示主语的心理状态）

　　doing 作表语，主语与表语是主谓关系 ；done 作表语，主语与表语是动宾关系。

　　2）表语与被动式的区别：

　　The blackboard was broken by Xiao Ming .（强调动作）

　　The blackboard is broken . You’d better have it repaired.（强调状态）

　　3）常作表语的过去分词：

　　amused , injured , covered , known , dressed , lost , broken , gone , delighted, excited , pleased , satisfied , married , worried , surprised , interested , burnt , shut , crowded , wounded , drank , done

　　3．现在分词、动名词 现在进行时的区别

　　The situation in our country is encouraging . (表语)

　　The situation in our country is encouraging the people . ( 现在进行时)

　　My job is looking after the little baby . (动名词)

　　能回答how-question 的是现在分词，能回答what-question 的动名词，即不能回答how-question 也不能回答what-question 的是现在进行时。

　　例如： How is the situation in our country ? It is encouraging .

　　What is your job ? My job is looking after the little baby .

　　4．注意的四种结构：

　　have something to do 有某事要做

　　have something done 使某事被做

　　have somebody do something 使某人做某事

　　have something doing 让某事一直做着

　　5． 需要跟反身代词作宾语的动词：

　　seat , prepare , hide , dress

　　如：I seated myself on the chair .

　　    I was seated on the chair

茅屋为秋风

不错，来看看。  

icaicq

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xiuxuan

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