得“中心”者得阅读高分（方案二）

风清扬

　　第二，明确选项特点——做题有的放矢

　　主旨大意题的错误选项特点：

　　1.以偏概全。①概括不够。多表现为部分代整体，从而导致范围太小;②以事实、细节替代抽象具体的大意。只是局部信息或者是一句没有展开论述的话。

　　2.过于笼统。即归纳的主题太宽泛，与细节脱节或者是没有对细节加以充分论述。过度概括多表现为脱离本文章内容的发挥。

　　3. 把观点强加于作者。考生往往根据自己的常识或主观意识对文章进行判断而忽视了作者的见解。

　　4.无关信息，即在文章中没有提到或者是找不到语言依据的信息。

　　正确选项特点：

　　1.概括性强或覆盖面广。

　　2.醒目性。

　　3.简洁性。

　　4.针对性强。

　　【典例】

　　Everyone’s at it, even my neighbors. I thought I might be the only person left in the world who hadn't done an eBay deal. So, I decided to try my hand at online auction(网上拍卖).

　　Buying for beginners: Sign up on www. eBay. co. uk. Most items (e.g. tables, computers, and books) ready for auction will come with a picture and a short description; others may be marked with Buy It Now and have a fixed price. You can buy these right away.

　　If the item is being auctioned, you offer the highest price you are prepared to pay and eBay bids (出价) for you. The bid will be increased little by little until it goes beyond your highest bid, then you are emailed and asked if you would like to bid again. Auctions last up to 10days and when they finish you get an email telling you whether you have won the item.

　　How to pay: Sellers decide how they would like to be paid and you need to check this before placing a bid as you might not want to post a cheque or postal orders. The easiest way is through PayPal, an online payment system that takes the money away from your credit card (信用卡).

　　Selling made simple: If you plan to sell on eBay, it helps to include a picture of the item. I followed my friends' advice and put up the items I wanted to sell for a 10-day auction, starring on a Thursday. This way buyers had two weekends to bid.

　　The big things in life: It' s easy to post a small item, but furniture is a big part of eBay and this has to be collected or sent by deliverymen. Cheek the ways of delivery before you bid.

　　What is the passage mainly about?

　　A. How to make payment online.

　　B. Ways of making delivery online

　　C. Advantages of an online-auction system.

　　D. How to use an online-auction system.

　　【点拨】D。本题考查考生对文章主旨大意的概括能力。四个选项均涉及到有关短文内容，但是通过比较会发现A选项为“支付手段”， B选项为“交货方式”， C选项为“系统优势”，D选项为“使用方法”。由此可见A、B、C三个选项都只涉及了短文部分内容，不能概括全篇。D选项包含所有内容，能够全面概括出短文的主旨要义。C选项由于表述方式本身具有概括性，具有一定的干扰性。