[全套]初中英语复习资料下载

梦与想 · 发表于 2013-8-20 14:19:15

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初中英语语法总结一览表

语法项目	构成	用法	象征词	规则变化	不规则变化	例句
一般现在时	动词用原形三人称单数-s / es	表示经常性的动作或状态	Every often always on 天 in月、季、节、年。	一般-s –es 辅音＋y---ies	have----has	He goes to school every day. I often have lunch at home.
一般过去时	动词用过去时 Be—was/ were	表过去某个、段时间内动作及状态	ago/just now /In1998 last/yesterday 等	一般/去e 双写/辅＋y结尾－ied	go-went come-came do-did leave-left等	He wrote a letter yesterday. I studied hard last year.
一般将来时	be going to＋V原 will / shall + V原	在将来某个时间或某段时要做的事	tomorrow / after next / tonight in 2010		Go come leave stay fly等用进行表将来	Are you going to read ? He is coming tomorrow .
现在进行时	be＋doing	表此时此刻正进行的动作或状态	listen look now all the time Don’t…	一般去e 双写 +ing	tie die lie – 变ie为y加ing	Tom is writing now . They are lying on the bed .
现在完成时现在完成进行	have / has +PP have/has been+doing	发生在过去影响在现在的动作或状态等	含糊的频率副词 already just never ever	分词规则的同过去式是一样的	不规则的动词的过去分词需逐个记忆	I have been teaching for 8 years. He has slept for two days.
.过去进行时	was / were +doing 多用于复合句中	表在过去某时间正在进行的动作	at this time yesterday last Sunday evening	一般去e 双写 +ing	tie die lie – 变ie为y加ing	He was reading at that time last Friday
过去完成时	had+动过去分词多用于复合句中	该动作发生在过去的过去	by the time＋过去时 when after before	规则的分词构成与过去时一样的	需要逐个记忆详见不规则动词表	We had learnt 2000 words by the end of last year.
过去将来时	would + V 原形多用宾语从句中	过去看来将要发生的动作或状态	He said that he… the next day .			He said that he would come here the next day .
比较级形式形容副词名词	后--er 前加more 名词比较用more	表示两个人、物之间进行比较时	than /much/ a little far / in the two 等	一般/去e 双写/辅＋y结尾－ier	good/well —better much/many—more	She is the tall in the two. He runs faster than Tom .
最高级形式形容副词名词	后-est 前加most 名词比较用most	大于等于三个人、物之间进行比较	in the ＋比较范围 of the 具体的数字	一般/去e 双写/辅＋y结尾－iest	bad/ill/badly-worst far-farther-farthest	She is the most beautiful in her class.(最高级加the)
动词不定式 to do没有人称和数的变化	作主语 To read is helpful for anybody now .	作宾语 He wants to buy a dictionary.	作宾补 I hear him sing yesterday Tom told me to open it.	作表语 His job is to take care of children .	作状语 He’ll go to see a doctor tomorrow .	作定语 He has much homework to do every day .
主从复合句	状语从句句子作状语（时间地点原因条件让步比较） He was writing a letter when I came in。		宾语从句句子作宾语（语序、时态、引导词、客观事实） He asked me if I had been to Beijing before.		定语从句句子作定语（修饰名词或代词的句子、注意先行词） I saw the man who was stealing my bike yesterday
主动结构与被动结构	主动语态：主语（人、物）+ 谓语 + 宾语动作执行者 + 及物动词 + 动作承受者被动语态：主语（人、物）+be PP + by宾语动作承受者 + be PP + by动作执行者在被动语态中没有可以省to 的不定式		We speak English . 主语谓语宾语 English is spoken by us 宾改主谓语动词 be PP 主by 宾		主动变被动，先找主、谓、宾，宾改主、主by宾，代词变格要细心，谓语动词be pp,时态随主、数随被 PP 是及物动词的过去分词加ed 或不规则详见表被动句的时态（be）随主动句的时态（do）人称和数应随被动句的主语(am、is、are、was、were等 )