NCE2 Lesson 67 Volcanoes 笔记

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Lesson 67    Volcanoes

【New words and expressions】

volcano          n. 火山

active           adj. 活动的

Kivu             n. 基伍湖

Congo            n. 刚果

Kituro           n. 基图罗

erupt            v. （火山）喷发

violently        adv. 猛烈地，剧烈地

manage           v. 设法

brilliant        adj. 精彩的

liquid [5likwid] adj. 液态的；n. 液体

escape           v. 逃脱

alive            adj. 活着的

★active       adj. 活动的

active     adj. 积极的  

passive    adj. 消极的, 被动的

★violently      adv. 猛烈地, 剧烈地

violent [5vaiElEnt]     adj. 猛烈的, 激烈的, 暴力引起的, 强暴的

violence [5vaiElEns]    n. 猛烈, 强烈, 暴力, 暴虐, 暴行, 强暴

★manage      v. 设法

manage to do sth. = try to do sth. and succeed

I can manage it. = I can manage it myself. = I can do it.

★escape [is5keip]       v. 逃脱

① v. 逃脱

escape sth.

escape death      死里逃生

escape doing sth.

He escape punishment/being punished.

② n. 逃脱

narrow escape     九死一生

★alive       adj. 活着的

alive 做定语时一定要放在被修饰词后面, 属于表语形容词，后置定语

light ahead     前面的灯光

Every man alive has his/her own troubles.

living sth.     活着的……

living elephant     活着的象

live      

① [laIv]     adj. 现场的，活着的（永远不和人连用）

live concert     现场演唱会

live fish      活鱼（不能和人连）

② [lIv]      v. 活着

【Text】

Haroun Tazieff, the Polish scientist, has spent his lifetime studying active volcanoes and deep caves in all parts of the world. In 1948, he went to Lake Kivu in the Congo to observe a new volcano which he later named Kituro. Tazieff was able to set up his camp very close to the volcano while it was erupting violently. Though he managed to take a number of brilliant photographs, he could not stay near the volcano for very long. He noticed that a river of liquid rock was coming towards him. It threatened to surround him completely, but Tazieff managed to escape just in time. He waited until the volcano became quiet and he was able to return two days later. This time, he managed to climb into the mouth of Kituro so that he could take photographs and measure temperatures. Tazieff has often risked his life in this way. He has been able to tell us more about active volcanoes than any man alive.

参考译文

波兰科学家哈罗恩·塔捷耶夫花了毕生的精力来研究世界各地的活火山和深洞. 1948年他去了刚果的基伍湖, 对一座后来被他命名为基图罗的新火山进行观察. 当火山正在猛烈地喷发时, 塔捷耶夫有办法把帐篷搭在离它非常近的地方. 尽管他设法拍了一些十分精彩的照片, 但他却不能在火山附近停留太长的时间. 他发现有一股岩浆正向他流过来, 眼看就要将他团团围住, 但塔捷耶夫还是设法及时逃离了. 他等到火山平静下来, 两天以后又返回去. 这次他设法爬进了基图罗火山口, 以便能拍摄照片和测试温度. 塔捷耶夫经常冒这样的生命危险. 他能告诉我们的有关活火山的情况比任何在世的人都要多.

【课文讲解】

1、Haroun Tazieff, the Polish scientist, has spent his lifetime studying active volcanoes and deep caves in all parts of the world.

spend some time (in) doing sth.     花多少时间干……

lifetime     n. 毕生精力

spend most of his lifetime      花了毕生大部分精力

spend his lifetime        花了毕生精力

in all parts of the world     世界各地的

2、Tazieff was able to set up his camp very close to the volcano while it was erupting violently.

close to       离……很近，与……靠近

  He parked the car close to the river.

  Don’t sit so close to the fire.

for long＝for a long time

3、He noticed that a river of liquid rock was coming towards him.

=He notice a river of liquid rock coming towards him.

notice that + 宾语从句

notice sth.

notice sb. do/doing sth.     注意到某人做某事/正在做某事

a river of…       ……形成的河流

a river of soil and stone     泥石流

Rivers of blood flowed during World war II.    （rivers of blood     血流成河）

When she heard the news, a river of tears came down her face.

4、It threatened to surround him completely, but Tazieff managed to escape just in time.

threaten to     威胁着要……，有迹象表明……

  He threatened to leave the team.     他扬言要离开这个队。

in time     及时，来得及，just表示“正好，差一点”

  I caught the train just in time.

  Shall we still be in time for/to see the performance?

5、This time, he managed to climb into the mouth of Kituro so that he could take photographs and measure temperatures.

manage to do sth.    设法做到某事，努力完成某事（虽然很费劲，但仍然做到/完成某事）

try to do sth.       设法做某事，努力做某事（但并不一定成功）

the mouth of Kituro     火山口

so that     以便于(目的状语从句),一定含有情态动词

6、Tazieff has often risked his life in this way.

risk one’s life       冒着生命危险

take a risk of… =at a risk of…      冒着……的危险

risk sth.＝risk losing sth.      冒着失去……的危险

risk doing sth.      冒着做……的危险

7、He has been able to tell us more about active volcanoes than any man alive.

在两相比较中, 如果前者属于后者, 那一定要在比较时用other, else排除前者

than any other man alive

【Key structures】　

Can, Be able to and Manage to

表示能力时用can/could，在将来时中表示“能力”时通常用will be able to，在表示成功地完成过去某个动作时用was able to而不用could。

  He thought he could pass the exam easily, but he failed.

  I can’t remember where I’ve seen him.

  Jane can’t swim yet. She’ll be able to swim in a few months’ time.

manage to在表示成功地完成过去某个动作时，经常代替be able to，它更强调“虽然困难很大，但仍然……”。在否定句中，manage to与be able to经常可以互换。

  He was able to finish the job yesterday.   （表示可能）

  He managed to finish the job yesterday.    （暗示他克服了不少困难才完成）

  What do you think of the film?

  I’m afraid I haven’t managed to/been able to see it yet.