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[英语] 自学新概念英语第二册笔记 Lessons 64

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发表于 2012-8-23 11:38:02 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |正序浏览 |阅读模式

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  课文详注 Further notes on the text
  1.a plan for a twenty-one-mile tunnel,建造一条长  21英里的隧道的计划。
  twenty-one-mile作 tunnel的修饰语,注意 mile为单数。plan for +名词/动名词表示"……的计划":
  They always make plans for their holidays, but, in the end, they always stay at home.他们总是为假期制订各种计划,但是,末了,他们总是呆在家里。
  He came with a plan for (building) a bridge over the river.他带来了在这条河上建一座桥的计划。
  2.serve as,充当,起……的作用(也可以说 serve for)。
  The books on the floor may serve as/ for a carpet.地板上的书可充当地毯用了。
  This sofa can serve as/ for(a) bed.这张沙发可以当床用。
  3.a better plan was put forward, 提出了一项更好的计划。
  put forward为固定短语,可分开用,其含义之一是"提出(计划、建议等)":
  You know they wouldn't accept your plan. Why did you put it forward?你知道他们不会接受你的计划。你为什么要提出来呢?
  Has he put forward any suggestion?他提出什么建议了吗?
  4.He suggested that a double railway-tunnel should be built.他提议建一条双轨隧道。
  suggest后面跟从句时,从句的谓语动词形式为 should(可省略)+动词原形(cf.第63课语法):
  He suggested (that) they (should) change the plans.他建议他们改变计划。
  suggest后面也可以跟名词或动名词形式。(cf.第47课词汇学习)
  5.It was officially opened on March 7,1994, finally connecting Britain to the European continent.它于1994年3月7日正式开通,将英国与欧洲大陆连到了一起。
  现在分词 connecting 引导的短语相当于一个并列分句。connect表示"连接"、"连结",可与to或with连用:
  This road connects the willage with/to London.这条公路连接着这个村子与伦敦。
  The lake and the canal are connected by a river.这个湖与运河之间由一条小河相连。
  语法 Grammar in use
  第3类条件句
  (1)在第16课的语法中,我们学习了用第1类条件句表示将来很可能发生的事:
  If you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will soon find it.一旦你把汽车停错了地方,交通警便很快就会发现。
  在第40课的语法中,我们学习了用第2类条件句谈论想像中的情况或描写完全不可能的事:
  If you ate more and talked less, we would both enjoy our dinner!如果你多吃点,少说点,我们两个都会吃得好的!
  If I were you, I would not go to London tomorrow.如果我是你,我明天就不去伦敦。(婉转的建议)
  (2)第3类条件句的基本结构与前两类都不一样,if从句需用过去完成时,主句用 would have/should have+过去分词形式:
  If it had rained, we would have stayed at home.要是下雨,我们就会呆在家里了。
  第3类条件句在if从句里设想纯粹想像的事情,在主句里讲述想像的结果。它与第2类条件句有一定的相似之处。但是,第3类条件句所谈的是没有或永远不可能有的结果,因为它们指的是过去没有过的事情。它们是所谓的"假设条件句":
  If I had worked harder at school, I'd have go a better job.要是我上学时勤奋一些,我就会有较好的工作了。(事实是现在的工作不太好)
  在 if从句中可用 could have+过去分词代替 had been able to +动词原形
  词汇学习 Word study
  1.fear vt.
  (1)害怕,畏惧:
  If, at the time, the British had not feared invasion, the tunnel would have been completed.如果不是因为那时英国人害怕入侵,隧道早就建成了。
  She fears speaking in public.她害怕当众讲话。
  (2)恐怕,猜想(比 be afraid要正式):
  We fear/It is feared/ We're afraid that many lives have been lost in the crash.
  在这次撞车事故中恐怕有许多人丢了性命。
  I fear that she has lost her way in the forest.
  我担心她在森林里迷路了。
  2.动词 draw 的一些短语
  动词draw的主要含义之一是"拉"、"拖",它与不同的小品词连用可以有不同的含义。
  (1)draw in,使……进入;吸入:
  If a train entered the tunnel, it would draw in fresh air behind it.如果有一列火车开进隧道,它就把新鲜空气随之抽了进来。
  The smell of flowers in the shop drew us in.花的香味使我们走进了这家商店。
  (2)draw back,后退,后缩;收回,撤回:
  If you take part in the race, you mustn't draw back.你如果参加比赛,就一定不能退出/后退。
  You must finish the work by yourselves now. They have drawn back their people.你们得靠自己完成这项工作。他们已把他们的人员撤走了。
  (3)draw up,停住,使……停住;起草,制订,拟订:
  I was waiting for Jill in front of a shop when a taxi drew up beside me.我正在一家商店门口等吉尔时,一辆出租车停在了我身边。
  Have any new agreements been drawn up between the two countries?这两个国家之间又签订什么新协议了吗?
  (4)draw off,撤走,离开:
  The villagers had to draw off because of the flood.由于洪水的缘故,村民们不得不撤走。
  When the others were talking loudly, he quietly drew off.其他人大声交谈时,他悄悄地离开了。
  练习答案 Key to written exercises
  1.关键句型练习答案
  A Three sentences: 1.5,Type 2;
  1.9, Type 2;
  1.10,Type 3
  C 1 would have been able  2 could have come  3 would not have made
  4 were  5 is
  2.难点练习答案
  1 up  2 back  3 up
  3.多项选择题答案
  1 c  2 c  3 c  4 c  5 b  6 b
  7 c  8 c  9 a  10 b  11b  12 b
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