中考考点例析：borrow/lend

djt000

二者都表示“借”，但borrow指“借入”，其对应词lend指“借出”。borrow常与from连用，borrow sth from sb意思是“向某人借某物”；lend可接双宾语或与to连用，lend sb. sth.或lend sth to sb意思是“把某物借给某人”。

【拓展】若表示“借一段时间”或用于how long问句，则需用keep表示，不可用borrow或lend等短暂性动词。例：How long can I keep this dictionary?这本书我能借多长时间？

【考例】

1. --Lin Tao, could you _______ me this book, please?

  --Sorry, but I _______ it for only half an hour I haven’t finished it.

A. borrow; have had      B. borrow; have bought  

C. lend; have had         D. lend; have bought

2. --Do you have an English-Chinese dictionary?

--Yes, here you are. You can _______ it as long as you like.

A. borrow          B. lend         C. keep

3. --Bob, may I _______ your MP4? --Sure. But you’d better not _______ it to others.

A. lend; lend    B. lend; borrow   C. borrow; borrow  D. borrow; lend

4. Yesterday afternoon it rained heavily, so I borrowed an umbrella from Ed. (改为同义句)

   Yesterday afternoon it rained heavily, so Ed _______ _______ an umbrella.

【点睛】题1的问句根据双宾语结构及句意要用lend；答句根据一段for only half an hour可排除B、D选项，故本题选C。题2由句中的as long as you like可知要用延续性动词，因此选C。题3的问句根据逻辑关系，要用动词borrow；答句根据介词to可知要用lend。故选D。题4根据句子的结构关系以及时态一致原则，答案为lent me。