2009年12月大学英语六级考试真题

遇见明天

PartⅠ Writing (30minutes)

Directions:  For thispart, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should Parents Send Their Kids to ArtClasses? You should write at least 150 words following the outline givenbelow.

1. 现在有不少家长送孩子参加各种艺术班

2. 对这种做法有人表示支持，也有人并不赞成

3. 我认为……

ShouldParents Send Their Kids to Art Classes?

PartⅡReadingComprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)

Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go overthe passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from thefour choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete thesentences with the information given in the passage.

Bosses Say “Yes” to Home Work

Rising costs of office space, time lost tostressful commuting, and a slow recognition that workers have lives beyond theoffice—all are strong arguments for letting staff work from home.

For the small business, there are additionalbenefits too—staff aremore productive, and happier, enabling firms to keep their headcounts (员工数) and their recruitment costs toa minimum. It can also provide competitive advantage, especially when smallbusinesses want to attract new staff but don’t have the budget to offer hugesalaries.

While company managers have known about thebenefits for a long time, many have done little about it, sceptical of whetherthey could trust their employees to work to full capacity without supervision,or concerned about the additional expenses teleworking policies might incur asstaff start charging their home phone bills to the business.

Yet this is now changing. When communicationsprovider Inter-Tel researched the use of remote working solutions amongsmall-and-medium-sized UKbusinesses in April this year, it found that 28% more companies claimed to haveintroduced flexible working practices than a year ago.

The UK network of Business Links confirms thatit too has seen a growing interest in remote working solutions from smallbusinesses seeking its advice, and claims that as many as 60-70% of thebusinesses that come through its doors now offer some form of remote workingsupport to their workforces.

Technology advances, including the widespreadavailability of broadband, are making the introduction of remote working apiece of cake.

“If systems are set up properly, staff can haveaccess to all the resources they have in the office wherever they have aninternet connection,” says Andy Poulton, e-business advisor at Business Linkfor Berkshire and Wiltshire. “There are somevery exciting developments which have enabled this.”

One is the availability of broadband everywhere,which now covers almost all of the country (BT claims that, by July, 99.8% ofits exchanges will be broadband enabled, with alternative plans in place foreven the most remote exchanges). “This is the enabler,” Poulton says.

Yet while broadband has come down in price too,those service providers targeting the business market warn against consumerservices masquerading (伪装) as business-friendly broadband.

“Broadband is available for as little as ￡15 a month, but manybusinesses fail to appreciate the hidden costs of such a service,” says NeilStephenson, sales and marketing director at Onyx Internet, an internet serviceprovider based in the north-east of England. “Providers offering broadband forrock-bottom prices are notorious for poor service, with regular breakdowns andheavily congested (拥堵的) networks. It is always advisable for businesses to look beyond theprice tag and look for a business-only provider that can offer morereliability, with good support.” Such services don’t cost too much—quality services can be found forupwards of ￡30 a month.

The benefits of broadband to the occasional homeworker are that they can access email in real time, and take full advantage ofservices such as internet-based backup or even internet-based phone services.

Internet-based telecoms, or VoIP (Voice over IP)to give it its technical title, is an interesting tool to any businesssupporting remote working. Not necessarily because of the promise of free orreduced price phone calls (which experts point out is misleading for theaverage business), but because of the sophisticated voice services that can beexploited by the remote worker—facilities such as voicemail and callforwarding, which provide a continuity of the company image for customers andbusiness partners.

By law, companies must “consider seriously”requests to work flexibly made by a parent with a child under the age of six,or a disabled child under 18. It was the need to accommodate employees withyoung children that motivated accountancy firm Wright Vigar to begin promotingteleworking recently. The company, which needed to upgrade its ITinfrastructure (基础设施) toprovide connectivity with a new, second office, decided to introduce supportfor remote working at the same time.

Marketing director Jack O’Hern explains that thecompany has a relatively young workforce, many of whom are parents: “One of thetriggers was when one of our tax managers returned from maternity leave. Shewas intending to work part time, but could only manage one day a week in the officedue to childcare. By offering her the ability to work from home, we havedoubled her capacity—now she works a day a week from home, and a day in theoffice. This is great for her, and for us as we retain someone highlyqualified.”

For Wright Vigar, which has now equipped all ofits fee-earners to be able to work at maximum productivity when away from theoffices (whether that’s from home, or while on the road), this strategy is notjust about saving on commute time or cutting them loose from the office, butenabling them to work more flexible hours that fit around their home life.

O’Hern says: “Although most of our work isclient-based and must fit around this, we can’t see any reason why a parent can’tbe on hand to deal with something important at home, if they have the abilityto complete a project later in the day.”

Supporting this new way of working came with aprice, though. Although the firm was updating its systems anyway, the companyspent 10-15% more per user to equip them with a laptop rather than a PC, andabout the same to upgrade to a server that would enable remote staff to connectto the company networks and access all their usual resources.

Although Wright Vigar hasn’t yet quantified thebusiness benefits, it claims that, in addition to being able to retain keystaff with young families, it is able to save fee-earners a substantial amountof “dead” time in their working days.

That staff can do this without needing a fixedtelephone line provides even more efficiency savings. “With Wi-Fi (fast,wireless internet connections) popping up all over the place, even on trains,our fee-earners can be productive as they travel, and between meetings, insteadof having to kill time at the shops,” he adds.

The company will also be able to avoid the expenseof having to relocate staff to temporary offices for several weeks when itbegins disruptive office renovations soon.

Financial recruitment specialist LynneHargreaves knows exactly how much her firm has saved by adopting a teleworkingstrategy, which has involved handing her company’s data management over to aremote hosting company, Datanet, so it can be accessible by all the company’sconsultants over broadband internet connections.

It has enabled the company to dispense with itsbusiness premises altogether, following the realisation that it just didn’tneed them any more. “The main motivation behind adopting home working was toincrease my own productivity, as a single mum to an 11-year-old,” saysHargreaves. “But I soon realised that, as most of our business is done on thephone, email and at off-site meetings, we didn’t need our offices at all. We’renow saving ￡16,000 a yearon rent, plus the cost of utilities, not to mention what would have been spenton commuting.”

1.     Whatis the main topic of this passage?

A) How business managers view hi-tech.

B) Relations between employers and employees.

C) How to cut down the costs of small businesses.

D) Benefits of the practice of teleworking.

2.     Fromthe research conducted by the communications provider Inter-Tel, we learn that __________.

A) more employees work to full capacity at home

B) employees show a growing interest in smallbusinesses

C) more businesses have adopted remote workingsolutions

D) attitudes toward IT technology have changed

3.     Whatdevelopment has made flexible working practices possible according to AndyPoulton?

A) Reduced cost of telecommunications.

B) Improved reliability of internet service.

C) Availability of the VoIP service.

D) Access to broadband everywhere.

4.     Whatis Neil Stephenson’s advice to firms contracting internet services?

A) They look for reliable business-only providers.

B) They contact providers located nearest to them.

C) They carefully examine the contract.

D) They contract the cheapest provider.

5.     Internet-basedtelecoms facilitates remote working by __________.

A) offering sophisticated voice services

B) giving access to emailing in real time

C) helping clients discuss business at home

D) providing calls completely free of charge

6.     Theaccountancy firm Wright Vigar promoted teleworking initially in order to __________.

A) present a positive image to prospective customers

B) support its employees with children to take careof

C) attract young people with IT expertise to workfor it

D) reduce operational expenses of a second office

7.     Accordingto marketing director Jack O’Hern, teleworking enabled the company to __________.

A) enhance its market image

B) reduce recruitment costs

C) keep highly qualified staff

D) minimise its office space

8.     WrightVigar’s practice of allowing for more flexible working hours not only benefitsthe company but helps improve employees’ __________.

9.     Withfast, wireless internet connections, employees can still be __________ whiletraveling.

10.   Singlemother Lynne Hargreaves decided to work at home mainly to __________.

PartⅢ ListeningComprehension (35 minutes)Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversationsand 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or morequestions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and thequestions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause.During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), anddecide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre.

11.   A)They would rather travel around than stay at home.

B) They prefer to carry cash when traveling abroad.

C) They usually carry many things around with them.

D) They don’t like to spend much money ontraveling.

12.   A)The selection process was a little unfair.

B) He had long dreamed of the dean’s position.

C) Rod was eliminated in the selection process.

D) Rod was in charge of the admissions office.

13.   A)Applause encourages the singer.

B) She regrets paying for the concert.

C) Almost everyone loves pop music.

D) The concert is very impressive.

14.   A)They have known each other since their schooldays.

B) They were both chairpersons of the Students’Union.

C) They have been in close touch by email.

D) They are going to hold a reunion party.

15.   A)Cook their dinner.

B) Rest for a while.

C) Get their car fixed.

D) Stop for the night.

16.   A)Newly-launched products.

B) Consumer preferences.

C) Survey results.

D) Survey methods.

17.   A)He would rather the woman didn’t buy the blouse.

B) The woman needs blouses in the colors of arainbow.

C) The information in the catalog is not alwaysreliable.

D) He thinks the blue blouse is better than the redone.

18.   A)The course is open to all next semester.

B) The notice may not be reliable.

C) The woman has not told the truth.

D) He will drop his course in marketing.

Questions 19 to 22 are based on theconversation you have just heard.

19.   A)A director of a sales department.

B) A manager at a computer store.

C) A sales clerk at a shopping center.

D) An accountant of a computer firm.

20.   A)Handling customer complaints.

B) Recruiting and training new staff.

C) Dispatching ordered goods on time.

D) Developing computer programs.

21.   A)She likes something more challenging.

B) She likes to be nearer to her parents.

C) She wants to have a better-paid job.

D) She wants to be with her husband.

22.   A)Right away.

B) In two months.

C) Early next month.

D) In a couple of days.

Questions 23 to 25 are based on theconversation you have just heard.

23.   A)It will face challenges unprecedented in its history.

B) It is a resolute advocate of the anti-globalmovement.

C) It is bound to regain its full glory of ahundred years ago.

D) It will be a major economic power by themid-21st century.

24.   A)The lack of overall urban planning.

B) The huge gap between the haves and have-nots.

C) The inadequate supply of water and electricity.

D) The shortage of hi-tech personnel.

25.   A)They attach great importance to education.

B) They are able to grasp growth opportunities.

C) They are good at learning from other nations.

D) They have made use of advanced technologies.

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. Atthe end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and thequestions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choosethe best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 witha single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passageyou have just heard.

26.   A)She taught chemistry and microbiology courses in a college.

B) She gave lectures on how to become a publicspeaker.

C) She helped families move away from industrialpolluters.

D) She engaged in field research on environmentalpollution.

27.   A)The job restricted her from revealing her findings.

B) The job posed a potential threat to her health.

C) She found the working conditions frustrating.

D) She was offered a better job in a minoritycommunity.

28.   A)Some giant industrial polluters have gone out of business.

B) More environmental organizations have appeared.

C) Many toxic sites in America have been cleaned up.

D) More branches of her company have been set up.

29.   A)Her widespread influence among members of Congress.

B) Her ability to communicate through publicspeaking.

C) Her rigorous training in delivering eloquentspeeches.

D) Her lifelong commitment to domestic and globalissues.

Passage Two

Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passageyou have just heard.

30.   A)The fierce competition in the market.

B) The growing necessity of staff training.

C) The accelerated pace of globalisation.

D) The urgent need of a diverse workforce.

31.   A)Gain a deep understanding of their own culture.

B) Take courses of foreign languages and cultures.

C) Share the experiences of people from othercultures.

D) Participate in international exchangeprogrammes.

32.   A)Reflective thinking is becoming critical.

B) Labor market is getting globalised.

C) Knowing a foreign language is essential.

D) Globalisation will eliminate many jobs.

Passage Three

Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passageyou have just heard.

33.   A)Red-haired women were regarded as more reliable.

B) Brown-haired women were rated as more capable.

C) Golden-haired women were considered attractive.

D) Black-haired women were judged to beintelligent.

34.   A)They are smart and eloquent.

B) They are ambitious and arrogant.

C) They are shrewd and dishonest.

D) They are wealthy and industrious.

35.   A)They force people to follow the cultural mainstream.

B) They exaggerate the roles of certain groups ofpeople.

C) They emphasize diversity at the expense ofuniformity.

D) They hinder our perception of individualdifferences.

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage threetimes. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefullyfor its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you arerequired to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words youhave just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill inthe missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact wordsyou have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally,when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you havewritten.

The ancient Greeks developed basic memorysystems called mnemonics. The name is  from their Goddess of memory “Mnemosyne”. In the ancient world, a trainedmemory was an  asset, particularly in public life. There were no  devices for taking notes, and early Greek orators(演说家) delivered long speeches withgreat  because they learned the speeches using mnemonic systems.

The Greeks discovered that human memory is  an associative process—that it works by linking things together.For example, think of an apple. Theyour brain registers the word “apple”, it  the shape, color, taste, smell and  of that fruit. All these things are associated in your memory withthe word “apple”.

. An example could be when you think about a lecture you have had.This could trigger a memory about what you’re talking about through thatlecture, which can then trigger another memory.

. An example given on a website I was looking at follows: Do youremember the shape of Austria,Canada, Belgium, or Germany? Probably not. What about Italy,though? . You made an association with something already known, the shape ofa boot, and Italy’sshape could not be forgotten once you had made the association.

PartⅣ ReadingComprehension(Reading in Depth)(25 minutes)Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer thequestions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please writeyour answers on Answer Sheet 2.

Questions 47 to 51 arebased on the following passage.

Many countries have made it illegal to chat intoa hand-held mobile phone while driving. But the latest research furtherconfirms that the danger lies less in what a motorist’s hands do when he takesa call than in what the conversation does to his brain. Even using a “hands-free”device can divert a driver’s attention to an alarming extent.

Melina Kunar of the Universityof Warwick, and Todd Horowitz of the Harvard Medical Schoolran a series of experiments in which two groups of volunteers had to payattention and respond to a series of moving tasks on a computer screen thatwere reckoned equivalent in difficulty to driving. One group was leftundistracted while the other had to engage in a conversation using a speakerphone.As Kunar and Horowitz report, those who were making the equivalent of ahands-free call had an average reaction time 212 milliseconds slower than thosewho were not. That, they calculate, would add 5.7 metres to the brakingdistance of a car travelling at 100kph. They also found that the group usingthe hands-free kit made 83% more errors in their tasks than those who were nottalking.

To try to understand more about why this was,they tried two further tests. In one, members of a group were asked simply torepeat words spoken by the caller. In the other, they had to think of a wordthat began with the last letter of the word they had just heard. Those onlyrepeating words performed the same as those with no distraction, but those withthe more complicated task showed even worse reaction times—an average of 480milliseconds extra delay. This shows that when people have to consider theinformation they hear carefully, it can impair their driving abilitysignificantly.

Punishing people for using hand-held gadgetswhile driving is difficult enough, even though they can be seen from outsidethe car. Persuading people to switch their phones off altogether when they getbehind the wheel might be the only answer. Who knows, they might even come toenjoy not having to take calls.

47.   Carryingon a mobile phone conversation while one is driving is considered dangerousbecause it seriously distracts            _______________________.

48.   Inthe experiments, the two groups of volunteers were asked to handle a series ofmoving tasks which were considered _______________________.

49.   Resultsof the experiments show that those who were making the equivalent of ahands-free call took _______________________ to react than those who were not.

50.   Furtherexperiments reveal that participants tend to respond with extra delay if theyare required to do _______________________.

51.   Theauthor believes persuasion, rather than _______________________, might be theonly way to stop people from using mobile phones while driving.

Section B

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passageis followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them thereare four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choiceand mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 52 to 56 are based on thefollowing passage.

There is nothing like the suggestion of a cancerrisk to scare a parent, especially one of the over-educated, eco-conscioustype. So you can imagine the reaction when a recent USA Today investigation ofair quality around the nation’s schools singled out those in the smugly（自鸣得意的）green village of Berkeley,Calif., as being among the worst in the country. The city’s public high school,as well as a number of daycare centers, preschools, elementary and middleschools, fell in the lowest 10%. Industrial pollution in our town hadsupposedly turned students into living science experiments breathing in alaboratory’s worth of heavy metals like manganese, chromium and nickel eachday. This in a city that requires school cafeterias to serve organic meals.Great, I thought, organic lunch, toxic campus.

Since December, when the report came out, themayor, neighborhood activists（活跃分子）and various parent-teacher associations have engaged in a fiercebattle over its validity: over the guilt of the steel-casting factory on thewestern edge of town, over union jobs versus children’s health and over what,if anything, ought to be done. With all sides presenting their own expertsarmed with conflicting scientific studies, whom should parents believe? Isthere truly a threat here, we asked one another as we dropped off our kids, andif so, how great is it? And how does it compare with the other, seeminglyperpetual health scares we confront, like panic over lead in synthetic athleticfields? Rather than just another weird episode in the town that brought youprotesting environmentalists, this latest drama is a trial for how today’sparents perceive risk, how we try to keep our kids safe—whether it’s possible to keep themsafe—in what feelslike an increasingly threatening world. It raises the question of what, in ourtime, “safe” could even mean.

“There’s no way around the uncertainty,” saysKimberly Thompson, president of Kid Risk, a nonprofit group that studieschildren’s health. “That means your choices can matter, but it also means youaren’t going to know if they do.” A 2004 report in the journal Pediatricsexplained that nervous parents have more to fear from fire, car accidents anddrowning than from toxic chemical exposure. To which I say: Well, obviously.But such concrete hazards are beside the point. It’s the dangers parents can’t—and may never—quantify that occur all of sudden.That’s why I’ve rid my cupboard of microwave food packed in bags coated with apotential cancer-causing substance, but although I’ve lived blocks from a majorfault line(地质断层) for morethan 12 years, I still haven’t bolted our bookcases to the living room wall.

52.   Whatdoes a recent investigation by USA Today reveal?

A) Heavy metals in lab tests threaten children’shealth in Berkeley.

B) Berkeleyresidents are quite contented with their surroundings.

C) The air quality around Berkeley’s school campuses is poor.

D) Parents in Berkeleyare over-sensitive to cancer risks their kids face.

53.   Whatresponse did USA Today’s report draw?

A) A heated debate.

B) Popular support.

C) Widespread panic.

D) Strong criticism.

54.   Howdid parents feel in the face of the experts’ studies?

A) They felt very much relieved.

B) They were frightened by the evidence.

C) They didn’t know who to believe.

D) They weren’t convinced of the results.

55.   Whatis the view of the 2004 report in the journal Pediatrics?

A) It is important to quantify various concretehazards.

B) Daily accidents pose a more serious threat tochildren.

C) Parents should be aware of children’s healthhazards.

D) Attention should be paid to toxic chemicalexposure.

56.   Ofthe dangers in everyday life, the author thinks that people have most to fearfrom __________.

A) the uncertain

B) the quantifiable

C) an earthquake

D) unhealthy food

Passage Two

Questions 57 to 61 are based on thefollowing passage.

Crippling health care bills, long emergency-roomwaits and the inability to find a primary care physician just scratch thesurface of the problems that patients face daily.

Primary care should be the backbone of anyhealth care system. Countries with appropriate primary care resources scorehighly when it comes to health outcomes and cost. The U.S. takes the opposite approach byemphasizing the specialist rather than the primary care physician.

A recent study analyzed the providers who treatMedicare beneficiaries（老年医保受惠人）. The startling finding was that the average Medicare patient saw atotal of seven doctors—two primary care physicians and five specialists—in a given year. Contrary topopular belief, the more physicians taking care of you don’t guarantee bettercare. Actually, increasing fragmentation of care results in a correspondingrise in cost and medical errors.

How did we let primary care slip so far? The keyis how doctors are paid. Most physicians are paid whenever they perform amedical service. The more a physician does, regardless of quality or outcome,the better he’s reimbursed (返还费用). Moreover, the amount a physician receives leans heavily towardmedical or surgical procedures. A specialist who performs a procedure in a30-minute visit can be paid three times more than a primary care physicianusing that same 30 minutes to discuss a patient’s disease. Combine this factwith annual government threats to indiscriminately cut reimbursements,physicians are faced with no choice but to increase quantity to boost income.

Primary care physicians who refuse to compromisequality are either driven out of business or to cash-only practices, furthercontributing to the decline of primary care.

Medical students are not blind to this scenario.They see how heavily the reimbursement deck is stacked against primary care.The recent numbers show that since 1997, newly graduated U.S. medical students who chooseprimary care as a career have declined by 50%. This trend results in emergencyrooms being overwhelmed with patients without regular doctors.

How do we fix this problem?

It starts with reforming the physicianreimbursement system. Remove the pressure for primary care physicians tosqueeze in more patients per hour, and reward them for optimally (最佳地) managing their diseases andpracticing evidence-based medicine. Make primary care more attractive tomedical students by forgiving student loans for those who choose primary careas a career and reconciling the marked difference between specialist andprimary care physician salaries.

We’re at a point where primary care is neededmore than ever. Within a few years, the first wave of the 76 million BabyBoomers will become eligible for Medicare. Patients older than 85, who needchronic care most, will rise by 50% this decade.

Who will be there to treat them?

57.   Theauthor’s chief concern about the current U.S. health care system is__________.

A) the inadequate training of physicians

B) the declining number of doctors

C) the shrinking primary care resources

D) the ever-rising health care costs

58.   Welearn from the passage that people tend to believe that __________.

A) the more costly the medicine, the more effectivethe cure

B) seeing more doctors may result in morediagnostic errors

C) visiting doctors on a regular basis ensures goodhealth

D) the more doctors taking care of a patient, thebetter

59.   Facedwith the government threats to cut reimbursements indiscriminately, primarycare physicians have to __________ .

A) increase their income by working overtime

B) improve their expertise and service

C) make various deals with specialists

D) see more patients at the expense of quality

60.   Whydo many new medical graduates refuse to choose primary care as their career?

A) They find the need for primary care declining.

B) The current system works against primary care.

C) Primary care physicians command less respect.

D) They think working in emergency rooms tedious.

61.   Whatsuggestion does the author give in order to provide better health care?

A) Bridge the salary gap between specialists andprimary care physicians.

B) Extend primary care to patients with chronicdiseases.

C) Recruit more medical students by offering themloans.

D) Reduce the tuition of students who chooseprimary care as their major.

PartV Cloze (5 minutes)

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. Foreach blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side ofthe paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then markthe corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the centre.

McDonald’s,Greggs, KFC and Subway are today named as the most littered brands in Englandas Keep Britain

Tidycalled on fast-food companies to do more to tackle customers who drop theirwrappers and drinks cartons (盒子) in the streets.

Phil Barton, chief executive of Keep BritainTidy,  its new Dirty Pig campaign, said it was the first time it hadinvestigated which  made up “littered England”and the same names appeared again and again.

“We litterers for dropping this fast food litter   the first place but also believe the results have pertinent (相关的) messages for the fast food . Mc-Donald’s, Greggs, KFC and Subway need to do more to  littering by their customers.”

He recognised efforts made by McDonald’s,  placing litter bins and increasing litter patrols, but its litterremained “all too prevalent”. All fast food chains should reduce  packaging, he added. Companies could also reduce prices  those who stayed to eat food on their premises, offer money-offvouchers (代金券) or other  for those who returned packaging and put more bins at  points in local streets, not just outside their premises. A  for McDonald’s said: “We do our best. Obviously we ask all ourcustomers to dispose of litter responsibly.” Trials of more extensive, all-daylitter patrols were in Manchester and Birmingham.

KFC said it took its  on litter management “very seriously”, and would introduce aprogramme to reduce packaging  many products. Subway said

62.   A)elevating        B) convening

C) launching        D)projecting

63.   A)signals            B) signs

C) commercials   D)brands

64.   A)condemn        B) refute

C) uncover          D)disregard

65.   A)around            B) toward

C) in                    D)off

66.   A)industry          B) career

C) profession       D)vocation

67.   A)exclude          B) discourage

C) suppress          D)retreat

68.   A)incorporating  B) including

C) comprising      D)containing

69.   A)unreliable       B) unrelated

C) unimportant    D)unnecessary

70.   A)for                  B) about

C) with                D)to

71.   A)accessories     B) merits

C) incentives       D)dividends

72.   A)curious           B) mysterious

C) strange            D)strategic

73.   A)narrator          B) spokesman

C) mediator         D)broker

74.   A)in season        B) at risk

C) off hand         D)under way

75.   A)responsibility  B) liability

C) commission    D)administration

76.   A)around            B) by

C) on                   D)above

that it worked hard to  the impact of litter on communities， it was “still down to the  customer to dispose of their litter responsibly”. Greggs said itrecognised the “continuing challenge for us all”,  having already taken measures to help  the issue.

77.   A)divert             B) minimize

C) degrade          D)suspend

78.   A)if                    B) whether

C) so                    D)but

79.   A)individual       B) concrete

C) unique            D)respective

80.   A)except            B) without

C) despite            D)via

81.   A)deal                B) tackle

C) cope                D)dispose

PartⅥ Translation (5 minutes)

Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English theChinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2.

82. How long does a jacket like this lastme_____________________? (这要看你多长时间穿一次).

83. The theory he advanced has proved _______________________(对许多传统概念的一种挑战).

84. The manager ________________________(本可以亲自参加会议), but he was called awayfor some urgent business abroad.

85. Both research and practical experiencehave shown that a ___________________________(均衡的饮食对健康是必不可少的).

86. Much ______________________________(我感到遗憾), I was unable to finish thework on time.