牛津英语5a英语语法(三)一般现在时

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牛津英语5a英语语法(三)一般现在时

　　一. 一般现在时行为动词词型变化形式

　　一般现在时动词只有第三人称有词形变化，其他人称动词均用原形单数第三人称动词变化：

　　多数在动词后加s　play—plays　like—likes ,

　　以s，x，sh，ch，o结尾的动词加es　go—goes　wash--washes,

　　以辅音字母加y结尾，把y改i再加es　fly—flies　study--studies

　　二. 一般现在时动词be和 have的变化形式

　　1.动词Be 叫连系动词, 连系动词be的用法：除了第一人称单数用am，和第三人称单数用is以外，其它人称用are。

　　I am busy. You are busy. He (She) is busy. We (You, They) are busy.

　　2.动词have的用法：除了第三人称单数用has以外，其它人称一律用have。如:

　　I have a pen. You have a pen. She (He) has a pen.

　　We (You, They) have pens.

　　三. 一般现在时的句型

　　1.肯定句构成：主语+动词 (注意人称变化) +其它成分

　　Ihave a dog. 　We like the little cat. 　She sings well.

　　2.否定句构成：

　　行为动词的否定句：主语+助动词(do/does) + not +动词原形+其它成分

　　He dosen’t have a dog.　He isn’t young.　We don’t like the little cat.

　　(借助于助动词do) She doesn’t sing well. (借助于助动词does)

　　3.一般疑问句：

　　A.行为动词的一般疑问句：助动词(do/does)+主语+动词原形 + 其它成分

　　Do you like it? Yes, I do. / No. I don’t .　 Does he(she) like it? Yes, he( she )does. / No, he ( she )doesn’t.

　　B. 动词BE 的一般疑问句Am / Is /Are +主语 + 其它成分

　　Are you a teacher? Yes, I am. / No, I am not.

　　Are they students of your school.Yes they are / No they aren,t.

　　4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句

　　How many students are there in your school?

　　What do you usually do on Sunday?

　　四．一般现在时的用法

　　1.经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。如：

　　every year, sometimes, at 5 o’clock, on Sunday.

　　I get up at six o’clock every day.

　　He gets up at six o’clock every day.

　　She smokes too much.

　　I telephone to my parents once a week.

　　2.表达客观真理，科学事实。如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。

　　Three and four makes seven.

　　The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.

　　Shenyang lies in the north of China.

　　3.在格言或名言警句中。

　　Pride goes before a fall. 骄必败。

　　Actions speak louder than words.事实用于雄辩。

　　4.表示现在的状态、性格、个性。

　　I don’t want more, thanks.

　　He is a good student. He is always ready to help others.

　　五.一般现在时其它用法

　　一般现在时表将来

　　1.含有go, come, return, arrive, leave, start, begin等动词的一般现在时表将来。表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。

　　The school bus leaves at eight .

　　2.在时间或条件句中。

　　When Tom comes, ask him how to fix the tap.

　　I’ll help you as soon as I arrive there.

　　3.在动词hope,　take care that,　make sure that等后。

　　I hope she has a good time.

　　Before you leave the room, please make sure that the door is closed.

　　4.时间状语从句,条件句中,从句中(常含有till , once , as soon as ,

　　when , while , before , after , so long as , by the time , if , in case ,

　　unless , even if , whether , the moment , the minute )

　　Eg. As soon as I get there, I will deal with this matter.

　　Whether he is happy is an important thing to her.

　　5.倒装句，表示动作正在进行

　　Here comes the teacher!= The teacher is coming.

　　There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.

　　Here comes the car. = The car is coming.

　　一般现在时表过去

　　1."书上"，"报纸上"的叙述。

　　The newspaper says that the president will retire next month.

　　2.叙述往事，使其生动。

　　Napoleon’s army now advances and the great battle begins.

　　一般现在时表完成

　　1.动词用一般现在时代替完成时：hear , tell , learn , write , understand , forget , know , find , say, remember.

　　Eg.I hear (= have heard) he will go to Paris.

　　I forget (=have forgotten) how to read the word.

　　2.句型 " It is … since… " = " It has been … since …"

　　It is (= has been) five years since we last met.

　　一般现在时表进行

　　1.句型：Here comes…； There goes…

　　Eg: Look, here comes Mr. Brown.

　　六. 注意事项

　　1.在英国，人们常用have got代替have，特别在疑问句和否定句中。

　　2.当have如果不表示“有”时，构成疑问或否定句时，就借助于助动词do, does, don’t或者doesn’t.

　　练习

　　一.用词的适当形式填空。

　　1.What time_________ his father_________(do) the work?

　　2.He _________(get) up at five o’clock.

　　3.__________ you _________(brush) your teeth every morning.

　　4.What ________ ( do ) he usually ________( do ) after school?

　　5.Tom ________ ( study ) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.

　　6. Kitty sometimes __________(go) to the park with his sister.

　　7.At eight at night, she __________( watch ) TV with her parents.

　　8. ________ Mike________( read ) English every day?

　　9.How many lessons________ your classmates______( have ) on Monday?

　　10.We often___________ ( play ) football in the playground.

　　二．选择

　　(　) 1. _____ you have a book?

　　A. Do　B. Are　C. Is　D. Have

　　(　)2. They _________ on a farm.

　　A. working　B. is work　C. work　D. is worked

　　(　) 3. Does Peter like to watch TV?

　　__________.

　　A. Yes, he like　B. No, he doesn’t　C. Yes, he’d like　D. No, he likes

　　(　)4. She doesn’t __________ her homework in the afternoon.

　　A. doing　B. to do　C. does　D. do

　　(　)5. How ____________ Mr. Brown ___________ to America?

　　A. do,go　B. is,go　C. does,go　D. does,goes

　　(　)6. Where’s my camera? I____________ it.

　　A. am not finding　B. am not seeing　C. can’t find　D. can’t look at

　　(　)7. How ___________ he go to work?

　　He ___________ to work by bike.

　　A. does ;go　B. do;goes　C. do ;go　D. does;goes

　　(　)8. ______ you usually late for school?

　　No, _____________.

　　A. Do ; I am　B. Does ;not　C. Are ; I’m not　D. Are ; I aren’t

　　(　)9. _____ she _____ home at six every day?

　　A. Is , leave　B. Does , leave　C. Is , leaves　D. Does , left

　　(　)10. Mr. Yang ____________ English this term.

　　A. teaches our　B. teaches us　C. teachs us　D. teach our

陈银山

祝越办越好~~~~~~~~~`  

Belinda

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