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选择疑问句:是指提出两个或两个以上可能的答案供对方选择的句式 一种是以一般疑问句的结构形式为基础,只是在语调上有所区别。
例如:Would you like coffee or tea?
这一类选择疑问句通常都是在前一个供选择的答案用低升调,后一个用降调;如果有两个以上供选择的答案,则在最后一个用降调,其余都用低升调。
例如:
Would you like a gin,or a whisky,or a `beer?
你是要喝杜松子酒,还是威士忌酒,还是啤酒?
这种语调上的特征往往是区别选择疑问句和一般疑问句的重要标志。试比较:
Shall we leave at six or `seven?
我们是 6 点动身还是 7点动身?
Shall we leave at six or seven?
我们在6,7点钟动身好吗?
上述第一例是选择疑问句,其答案只能是两者之一。
We shall leave at six/seven.我们将在6点/7点动身。
上述第二例是一般疑问句,它的答案只是 yes/no,而且并不肯定是6点或7点,甚至可能既不是6点,也不是7点:
Yes,we shall leave at six or seven.是的,我们将在 6, 7点钟动身。
No.We must leave earlier.不。我们必须早点动身。
另一种选择疑问句是以特殊疑问句的结构形式为基础的,也是在语调上有所区别。
例如:Which vase shall I use, the short one or the tall one ? The tall one.
在选择疑问句中的冠词用法。
Is she a housewife or a nurse?(她是一个家庭主妇还是护士?)
其中,or后的不定冠词a/an 不能省略。
特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词开头,对句中某一成分提问的句子。
常用的疑问词有:what who whose which when where how why等。
可先分为3种:
疑问代词:what,who,which,whose,whom
疑问副词:when,where,why,how
疑问形容词:what(which,whose)+名词
特殊疑问句有两种语序
1.如疑问词作主语或主语的定语,即对主语或主语的定语提问,其语序是陈述句的语序:
疑问词(+主语)+谓语动词+其他成分。
如:Who is singing in the room﹖ whose bike is broken﹖
2.如疑问词作其他成分,即对其他成分提问,其语序是:疑问词+一般疑问句语序? 如:What class are you in﹖
What does she look like﹖
Where are you from﹖
What time does he get up every morning﹖
How do you know﹖
注意:
1.回答特殊疑问句时,不能用yes / no,即问什么答什么,尤其是简略回答。如:
Who is from Canada﹖ Helen (is).
Where's the restaurant﹖ Near the station.
Why do you like koalas﹖ Because they are cute.
2.特殊疑问句一般读降调(↓)。
特殊疑问词
Who谁——Whose谁的(加se)
Why为什么
When什么时候
Where在哪里
Which哪一个
What什么 ( What time什么时间 What colour什么颜色)
How怎么样
How many多少{数量}
How much多少钱{价格},
多少(对不可数名词进行提问)
How long多长
How often多少次
How big多大
How heavy多重{重量}
How far多远{路程}
一般疑问句是疑问句的一种。它是指用yes(是)或no(否)来回答的句子。
结构:系动词be/助动词/情态动词+主语+其他成分
通常回答为:肯定:Yes,+主语+提问的助动词.
否定:No,+主语+提问的助动词+not.
如: Are you from Japan﹖ Yes I am./No I'm not.
Is her sister doing her homework now﹖ Yes she is./No she isn't.
Does he work in a bank﹖ Yes he does./No he doesn't.
Do you live near your school﹖ Yes I do./No I don't.
Can you speak French﹖ Yes I can./No I can't.
May I go home now﹖ Yes you may./No you mustn't.
注意:
1.将陈述句变为一般疑问句时,如句中有be 动词(am/ is/ are)时,可直接将它们提至主语前。
如主语为第一人称,应将其改为第二人称。如:
I'm in Class 2Grade1.→ Are you in Class 2Grade 1﹖
We're watching TV. → Are you watching TV﹖
2.陈述句中有情态动词(can may must …)时,也可直接将它们提至主语前,即可成为一般疑问句。如:
He can swim now.→Can he swim now﹖
The children may come with us.→May the children come with us﹖
3.陈述句中只有一个实义动词作谓语且其时态为一般现在时,变为一般疑问句时要在句首加do或does 主语后的实义动词用原形。如:
I like these animals.→Do you like these animals﹖
She wants to go to the movies.→Does she want to go to the movies﹖
4.一般疑问句一般读升调(↑)
5.一般疑问句有时不用yes或 no 回答。如:
Are they in town now﹖ I think so.
May I sit here﹖ Certainly.
Does he like soccer﹖ Sorry I don't know.
6. 一般疑问句的第一单词总是虚词,读的时候要读轻声。
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