新概念必考考点整理(6):被动语态

风清扬

　　1.何时运用被动语态：

　　(1)强调动作的接受者：America was discovered by Columbus.

　　(2)不知谁是动作的执行者：You are wanted on the phone.

　　(3)作客观说明：It is said that the meeting has been put off.(经典句型)

　　2.主动变被动的基本方法：(说起来容易，掌握起来需要用心!)

　　(1)主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

　　(2)谓语动词变为由“be + 过去分词”的形式，配合时态作相应变化。

　　(3)主动语态主语置于介词 by之后，如无必需，则省略。

　　(4)不及物动词没有被动语态。

　　现 在 do (does) →am / is / are + done

　　We keep the piano in the living-room.

　　→The piano is kept in the living-room.

　　过 去 did→was / were + done

　　They built the bridge in 1980.

　　→The bridge was built in 1980.

　　将 来 shall shall

　　will do → will + be + done

　　He will read the book tomorrow.

　　→The book will be read tomorrow.

　　现在完成 have have

　　has done → has + been + done

　　We have delivered the newspaper.

　　→The newspapers have been delivered (by us).

　　过去完成 had done → had been done

　　She had seen the film before she came here.

　　→The film had been seen before she came here.

　　将来完成 shall shall

　　will have done → will have + been + done

　　By the end of this term we shall have finished 80 texts.

　　→By the end of this term 80 texts will have been finished.

　　现在进行 am am

　　is doing → is + being + done

　　are are

　　They are drawing the picture.

　　→The picture is being drawn by them.

　　过去进行 was doing → was + being + done

　　were were

　　He was reviewing their lessons at this moment yesterday.

　　→Their lessons were being reviewed at this moment yesterday.

　　情态动词 may may

　　can can

　　must must

　　should do → should + be + done

　　ought to ought to

　　used to used to

　　You must write an article on the subject.

　　→An article must be written on the subject.

　　相关考题

　　1.-Have you moved into the new house yet?

　　-Not yet. The rooms _____.

　　A. are being painted B. are painting

　　C. are painted D. are being painting

　　2. Little Jim would love _____ to the theatre this evening.

　　A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking

　　3. I need one more stamp before my collection _____.

　　A. has completed B. completes

　　C. has been completed D. is completed

　　4. - _____ the sports meeting might be put off.

　　-Yes, it all depends on the weather.

　　A. I’ve been told B. I’ve told

　　C. I’m told D. I told

　　5. Hundreds of jobs _____ if the factory closes.

　　A. lose B. will be lost C. are lost D. will lose

　　6. Visitors _____ not to touch the exhibits.

　　A. will request B. request C. are requesting D. are requested

　　7. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _____ weather they will enjoy it.

　　A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen

　　8. Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge? It will _____ fresh for several days.

　　A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed

　　9. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered _____ clear warnings before firing any shots.

　　A. to issue B. being issued C. to have issued D. to be issued

　　10. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _____ road conditions need _____.

　　A. that; to be improved B. which; to be involved

　　C. where; improving D. when; improving

　　参考答案

　　1. 解析:答案为A。通过对本句的理解, 我们可以看出, 没有搬进新居的原因是房子还在粉刷。房子是粉刷的对象, 是动作的承受者, 所以需用被动语态.正在进行粉刷, 所以应用进行时.现在进行时的被动语态的结构为be+being+p.p, 故答案为A

　　2. 解析:答案为A。从Little Jim可以看出 Jim 是小孩, 是被带去剧院的, 所以动词不定式要用被动式,故答案为A.

　　3. 解析: 答案为D。先排除A,B两项, 因为未用被动语态;C项与before相矛盾,故应选D。

　　4. 解析: 答案为A。本题主要考查动词tell用于主动语态和用于被动语态时的区别, 用于主动语态时, 一般不用 I’ve told that...或 I told that...等句型,语感不合; C项的时态与对话的前一部分不符,尽管被推迟这件事发生在过去,但强调对现在的影响,故应选A

　　5. 解析:答案为B。工厂倒闭因而大量的工作被失去,先将A,D两项排除;而在if条件状语从句中,谓语动词如用一般现在时,那么主句的谓语动词应用一般将来时,所以选择 B项

　　6. 解析: 答案为D。request为及物动词, 但此处 request后没有宾语, 因而可以推断 visitor是 request的承受者,故应用被动语态.所以选择D项。

　　7. 解析: 答案为B。第二并列分句中的it, 作形式主语,而真正的主语是 whether they will enjoy it; remain在此为“仍然要”, 后接动词不定式,而“他们是否会喜欢”要“被看”,表明see在此应用被动语态,故选B。

　　8. 解析: 答案为B。在这个句子中stay是保持的意思,属系动词, 不可用被动语态和进行时,先排除A,C两项.然后可排除D项,因为will have stayed是强调肉放入冰箱之后的结果的;从上文来看,这肉还未放入冰箱之中,谈何结果? 故应选B.全句相当于If you put the meat in the fridge, it will stay fresh for several days

　　9. 解析: 答案为A。本题考查非谓语动词在复合宾语中的用法,此题解题关键是用还原法把文中的被动语态还原成主动语态,即为order sb.to do sth.而 C,D 两项虽为不定式,但时态和语态均不合;A表示士兵应在开枪前发出,故只能选 A。

　　10. 解析：答案为A。此题看似两个空白，实际上只考查前面一个，因为need doing= need to be done解此题的关键是判断出后面这个从句是同位语从句，从句中主谓宾齐全，意义完整，只缺一个连接词，故排除 B、C、D三个选项，选A. that在同位语从句中只起连接作用，没有意义，也不作句子成分。

龙龙他妈

哟呵呦呵，找到了，谢谢楼主分享！！太有用！！

明天微笑~

不错啊。。。很好。。题目很好。。

朱宝儿

不错不错，太有用了，收藏了！

幻化成风

很好哦，谢谢分享