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[NCE] 高考英语常用词汇辨析B(2)

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发表于 2012-4-29 15:41:44 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |倒序浏览 |阅读模式
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be known as be known for be known to  be known in
be known as 意为“作为……而著名”,其后的名词表示一个人的身份、职业等。如:
Liu Huan is known as a singer.刘欢作为一个歌手而出名。
Were sure youll be well-known as an artist.我们相信你会成为一位著名的画家。
be known for 意为“因……而著名”,其后所接内容表示某人或物的特点、特长等。如:
Guilin is known for her beautiful mountains and rivers.桂林因其美丽的山水而闻名。
Mr Geldof is well-known for organizing two big pop concerts on the same day
盖尔多夫先生因在同一天组织两场大型的流行音乐会而出名。
be known to “为……所了解/知道”,其后接表示人的词语。“(人们都)知道”,其后接动词原形。如:
He is known to all in our village.村子里的人都了解他。
He was known to have invented many things.=It was known that he had invented many things
人们都知道他已经发明了很多东西。
be known in 意为“在某地很著名”。如:
He is well-known in the town where he was born 他在自己出生的那个镇子上很出名。
be made ofbe made inbe made frombe made bybe made up of be made of表示“由……制成”,指从原料到制成品,只发生了形状变化,没有发生本质变化(属物理变化)。 be made in当后面接时间的数词或名词时,表示“某物何时制造的或何时产的”。当后面接指地点的名词时,表示“某地产某物”。 be made from表示“由……制成”,指从原料到制成品,发生了质的变化,已无法复原(属化学变化)。 be made by表示“由……制做”,后面接指人的名词或代词,强调动作的执行者。 be made up of表示“由……构成(组成)”,强调主语由两部分或两个以上的部分构成或组成。 【练习】用be made inbe made ofbe made frombe made bybe made up of填空。 This bike          Tianjin              This table           wood               The car             1999 Paper          wood         The kite          my mother              The team            ten members Keyswas made in is made of was made in is made fromwas made byis made up of be used forbe used asbe used by be used for表示“被用作……”或“被用来作……”,后面接名词或ving,其中for表示目的。 be used as表示“作为……而用”或“用作……”,后面接名词或动词不定式,强调使用的工具及手段。 be used by表示“由……使用”,后面接指人的名词或代词,强调使用者。 【练习】用be used forbe used asbe used by填空。 A telephone              better communication(交流). The motorbike              Liu Ming A ruler             often               a knife by him to cut a piece of paper open Keysis used foris used byis,used as
be pleased with; be pleased at(about);be pleased to
1) The manager ___ you before
2) My boss must ___ see you again in HongKong
3) I ___ seeing so many students present
4) I hear Mr Zhao ___ your article
析: was pleased with。表示“对……满意;喜欢……”后面通常接指人的名词或代词。 be pleased to。表示“很高兴或很乐意做某事”,其中to是不定式符号,后面接动词原形。 am pleased at(about)be pleased at(或about)表示“对(看到或听到的)事感到高兴,”后面接指事的名词或ving  is pleased at(about)。解析同③。
be to do sthbe about to do sthbe going to do sth
be to do sth.表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作,后可跟时间状语。如:
You're to hand in your papers by 10 o'clock.十点钟以前你得交上试卷。
  be about to do sth.表示打算或安排即将发生的动作,它通常不与时间状语连用。如:
I was about to go out when someone knocked at the door.我正要出去,这时有人敲门。
be going to do sth.有三层含义:
①表示打算、计划或决定要做某事。如:
We're going to spend our holidays in Wales this year 今年我们打算到威尔士度假。
②用以表示某事物即将发生或很可能发生。如:
I'm going to be twenty next month 下个月我就二十岁了。
③有迹象表明即将发生的动作或状态。如:
Look at those black clouds, there is going to be a storm 瞧那些乌云,暴风雨就要来了。
beat; strike; hit
strike通常表示“打一下、打若干下”,不一定都是有意的;还有“打动、使……着迷、某种想法突然闪现在脑海里”的含义;也可指“打、擦出(火),(蛇、兽)抓,咬,或(钟)敲响”。
hit指“打中”或“对准……来打”,“敲打或打击对方的某一点”。
beat着重“连续地打击”。如:殴打或体罚;也指在游戏、竞赛或战争中击败对方;也指“心跳”。
blame; scold
blame“责备;责怪”,指某人应对自己不好的行为负责(常与for连用),或将某件不好的事情归咎于他人(常与onupon连用),往往含有把自己当作评判人来评判某事,没有用言语来进行责骂的意思。例如:
He blamed Tom for the failure              他责怪汤姆造成了失败。
Don't blame it on him, but on me  别怪他,该怪我。
scold“责骂”,指唠唠叨叨地数说某人,多用于上级对下级、长辈对晚辈的“责骂”。例如:
Don't scold the childIt's not his fault 不要责骂那孩子,这不是他的过失。
I hate to scold, son, but you mustn't stay out so late at night
我不喜欢斥责,孩子,可你不该呆在外面那么晚不回家。
blow down; blow in; blow off; blow over blow down表示“吹倒”、“刮倒”;blow in表示“吹进”、“吹入”;blow off表示“吹掉”、“炸掉”、“发泄”;blow over表示“暴风雨 吹散”、“过去”、“结束”。
[EXERCISES]
1) The high winds yesterday _____ thousands of trees 2) We sometimes had quarrels, but they soon _____. 3) I had my hat ____ by the wind 4) A lot of dust ____.You must clear it away Key: 1) blew down  2) blew over  3) blown off   4) has blown in
break up; break down; break out; break into; break in; break away; break through
break up表示“打碎”、“变坏”、“分解”、“终止”、“破裂”。
break down表示“瓦解”、“分解”、“失败”、“出故障”、“破坏”、“拆毁”。
break out表示“爆发”、“突然发生”。
break into表示“强行进入”、“闯入”、“破门而入”、“打断(谈话、讨论)”、“突然……起来”。
break in表示“闯入”、“打断”、“插嘴”,其中in是副词。
break away表示“脱逃”、“脱离”、“突然离开”、“革除”、“戒除”,常与from连用。
break through表示“战胜”、“突围”、“穿过……而出现”、“突破”。
[练]
He said his computer _____.
Those old cars will be ____ for scrap(废铁)
Last night somebody ____ Mr Brown's house and took away many things
A fire ____ after we had gone home
The boy often ____ while his parents are speaking
You must ____ from bad habits
After the heavy rain the sun ____ the clouds
A thief ____ and stole a lot of things last night
Tom ____the motor bike which he bought five years ago
The ice began to ____ on the river
(Key:had broken down   broken up   broke into   broke out   breaks in  
break away   broke through   broke in   broke down   break up)
bring onbring inbring out
bring on 使发生;引起;端上(饭菜)。如:
Tom often brings on meals and his brotherJim picks up the dishes after meals
汤姆常常端上饭菜,(而)他弟弟吉姆饭后收拾碗碟。
The sudden cold weather brought on his cold again 天气突然变冷,使他再次感冒。
bring in 引来;引进;吸收。如:
His new business brings in 1000 dollars 他的新生意使他赚了一千美元。
We also brought in some words from English 我们也从英语中吸收了一些词汇。
bring out 取出;说出;阐明;出版。如:
He brought out his gun and pointed at me.他掏出枪来指着我。
Bring out the meaning more clearly.请把意思讲清楚些。
They have brought out a set of childrens books.他们出版了一套儿童读物。
bring down; bring back; bring up; bring in bring down表示“使倒下”、“减少”、“降低(价格、温度)”;◇ bring back表示“使回想起”、“归还”、“带回来”;◇ bring up表示“呕吐出”、“养育”;◇ bring in表示“把......引进来”、“赚入”、“获利”、“把......拿进来”、“吸收”。
[EXERCISES]
1) Her singing _____ memories of my mother 2) They also ____ some words from their own languages 3) The wind ____ a number of trees 4) He _____ all he had eaten 5) Can you try to get them to ____ the price 6) All library books must be ____ before June 25 7) Mr White ____ 500 a week 8) You must manage to _____ the temperature Key: 1) brings back    2) brought in      3) brought down      4) brought up      5) bring down     6) brought back    7) is bringing in    8) bring down   
broad; wide
两者都表示两边或两点之间的距离都有“宽的”之意, broad着重某物覆盖面的范围 (如肩、背、胸等的宽),还可表示“宽宏大量”;wide着重指边沿间相隔的距离以及“广泛”之意。如:
Looking at the new-type camera, the young man with broad shoulders was surprised with his mouth wide open.
看着那个新型相机,那个肩宽背阔的年轻人惊奇得张大了嘴巴。
Hes a broad-minded person; hell never be disappointed by such a small failure
他是个心胸宽广的人;决不会因为那么一次小小的失败而感到失望。
buthowever 这两个连词都有“但是,可是,然而”之意。but连接两个分句或有关部分,表示转折或逻辑上的对比关系,使用最广,口语中更为常见。如:
We love peace but we are not afraid of war.我们热爱和平,但我们并不害怕战争。
however转折意味比but弱,连接的两个分句或有关部分的关系较为松弛,后一部分常起附带说明或衬托作用。however常以插入语形式出现在句子中间,前后用逗号隔开,也可置于句首或句末。如:
Laterhoweverhe decided to go.可是后来他决定去了。
by oneselfoneself
by oneselfalonewithout help。强调“在无他人或他物的情况下”或“无帮助的情况下”;
oneself作同位语,表示强调本人。
试比较:
If you come to my houseIll cook for you myself
如果你来我家,我将亲自下厨。(强调亲手为你做饭)
Can you cook by yourself now             你现在能单独做饭了吗?(强调无他人协作)
by seaby the sea
by sea意为“走海路;坐轮船”,其中by表示乘坐交通工具或行走方式,by与名词间不可用冠词;by the sea意为“在海边”,其中by表示“在……旁边”,by与后面的名词间常有冠词修饰。如:
They will go to America by sea 他们将坐轮船去美国。
There is a small village by the sea.海边有个小村庄。
请比较下面类似有这样区别的短语:
by ship  乘船                  by a ship  在一艘轮船旁边
by land  从陆路                     by the land  在岸边(在陆地旁边)
by taxi  乘出租车                   by the taxi  在出租车旁边
by road  从陆路                     by the road  在路边
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沙发
发表于 2012-4-29 20:21:02 | 只看该作者
努力,努力,再努力!!!!!!!!!!!  
板凳
发表于 2012-4-29 20:21:02 | 只看该作者
好贴子不多啊  
地板
发表于 2012-4-30 05:58:42 | 只看该作者
加油站加油  
5
发表于 2012-4-30 05:58:42 | 只看该作者
哈哈,有意思~顶顶 ,继续顶顶。继续顶哦  
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